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Belarusian diaspora refers to emigrants from the territory of Belarus as well for people of Belarusian descent. According to different researches, there are between 2.5 and 3.5 millions of people of Belarusian descent living outside the territory of the Republic of Belarus. This number includes descendants of economic emigrants from Belarus of late 19th century and early 20th century, of emigrants of times of the Second World War and emigrants of the wave that started in the 1990s. Another group of Belarusian diaspora are people who migrated within the USSR before 1991 and who after its dissolution became inhabitants of other post-Soviet countries. A separate group usually associated with the Belarusian diaspora are ethnic minorities in the borderlands of Belarus with Poland, Lithuania and Russia. A separate group of emigrants from Belarus were Belarusian Jews who have established significant communities in the USA and Israel. The historic name for Belarusian Jews were Litvaks, a corrupted term of Litvin or "Lithuanian" in Belarusian. There is a tendency to a decline in the number of people identifying themselves as Belarusians according to official censuses. The biggest and best organized Belarusian diasporas live in Russia (including Siberia), Ukraine, Poland, the USA, Canada, the UK, the Baltic states (i.e., Estonia and Latvia), Central Asia (primarily the Soviet-era Farming settlement program in Kazakhstan) and the TransCaucasus nations (i.e., Armenia and Georgia). There are small Belarusian communities in Scandinavia, Germany, Netherlands, France, Spain, Portugal and Ireland as a result of European Union and Council of Europe contract labor agreements to recruit Belarusian and Ukrainian workers in the late 2000s. The World Association of Belarusians based in Minsk is the international organization uniting people of Belarusian descend from around the world. The government of the short-lived Belarusian Democratic Republic is in exile since 1919 and acts as a consolidating centre for many Belarusians abroad, especially in North America and Western Europe (i.e., Belgium and Switzerland). Many Belarusians were forced out of their homeland in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The earliest Belarusians immigrated in the seventeenth century to Netherlands and America under pressure of Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Counter-Reformation in Belarus. Belarusians migrated to Siberia and the Far East after their lands were occupied in the eighteenth century by the Russian empire. Throughout the nineteenth century this continued. In 1863-64 the Belarusian immigrants had a massive arrival into the United States because their freedom failed being led by Kastus Kalinouski and therefore were crushed by tsarist armies. Religious persecution and campaign of russification got very serious shortly after. Between 1880 and 1920, many people from Belarus moved to the US. Jewish Belarusians and Belarusian peasants caused a massive wave of immigration to USA due to extreme poverty in Russian Empire Western province. Belarusians continued immigrating in the 1920s through 1930s during Stalin’s repressions.〔"Belarusian Diaspora in Latvia." ''- Embassy of the Republic of Belarus to the Republic of Latvia''. Web. 23 Apr. 2015. <http://latvia.mfa.gov.by/en/bilateral_relations/compatriots/>.〕 At the end of World War II was the second big wave of immigration. This was a mix of people, "who were running from Soviets, victims of pre-war Stalin’s repressions, some Nazi collaborators and thousands of young Belarusian forced laborers who stayed in Europe after WWII." Most of these Belarusian immigrants moved to USA, Canada, Australia and Brazil while some stayed in Germany, France, and UK. After the USSR fell apart, the third wave began to come in from the 1990s and still continues today. It began as a wave of "socio-economical" immigration and turned into "political asylum" escapees when President Lukashenko dictatorship matured in the last few years. Most of the people immigrated to countries of the European Union, USA, Australia, Canada and lately even Russia. The latest wave of immigration from Belarus consists of professionals such as software and other engineers, scientists, students and sportsmen. ==France== (詳細はウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Belarusian diaspora」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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